如(ru)何觀看工控主板的做(zuo)工質量?下(xia)面一起來學(xue)習下(xia)吧。

　　一、布線(xian)設(she)計(ji)

　　工控(kong)(kong)(kong)主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)布(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)是(shi)一(yi)門(men)比(bi)較專業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)問(wen)，它(ta)要(yao)(yao)視不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)特性進(jin)行(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)處理(li)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)。工控(kong)(kong)(kong)主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)采(cai)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)"蛇(she)行(xing)(xing)布(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)"就(jiu)很有(you)(you)(you)講究(jiu)，有(you)(you)(you)些人認為蛇(she)行(xing)(xing)布(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)越(yue)多就(jiu)說明有(you)(you)(you)更高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)水(shui)平，這(zhe)(zhe)種觀點是(shi)錯誤的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。采(cai)用蛇(she)行(xing)(xing)布(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原因有(you)(you)(you)兩個(ge)(ge)：一(yi)個(ge)(ge)是(shi)為了(le)保證布(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)等(deng)(deng)長，因為像CPU到(dao)北橋芯(xin)片的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)鐘線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，它(ta)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)于普通電(dian)器上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)，在(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)些線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)上(shang)以100MHz左右的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頻率(lv)高(gao)速(su)運行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)信號對線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長度十分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏感,不(bu)(bu)等(deng)(deng)長的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)鐘布(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)會(hui)(hui)引起(qi)信號的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)步進(jin)而造(zao)成系統不(bu)(bu)穩,這(zhe)(zhe)樣(yang)某些線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)需要(yao)(yao)以彎曲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)走線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),以調節長度;另一(yi)個(ge)(ge)使(shi)用蛇(she)行(xing)(xing)布(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)常(chang)(chang)見原因是(shi)為了(le)盡(jin)(jin)可(ke)能(neng)減少電(dian)磁輻(fu)射(EMI)對主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)其余部件(jian)(jian)和(he)人體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，因為高(gao)速(su)而單調的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)字信號會(hui)(hui)大大地(di)干擾(rao)主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)模擬器件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作，如AC''97芯(xin)片或(huo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)載(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)軟貓等(deng)(deng)。平常(chang)(chang)抑(yi)制(zhi)EMI的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種簡(jian)便方(fang)(fang)法就(jiu)是(shi)通過(guo)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)蛇(she)形布(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，來盡(jin)(jin)可(ke)能(neng)多吸收消化輻(fu)射。采(cai)用蛇(she)行(xing)(xing)布(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有(you)(you)(you)了(le)上(shang)面(mian)這(zhe)(zhe)些好(hao)處，并(bing)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)說在(zai)工控(kong)(kong)(kong)主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)布(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候使(shi)用蛇(she)行(xing)(xing)布(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)越(yue)多越(yue)好(hao)，因為過(guo)多過(guo)密(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)布(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)會(hui)(hui)造(zao)成工控(kong)(kong)(kong)主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)布(bu)局的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)疏密(mi)不(bu)(bu)均(jun)，會(hui)(hui)對工控(kong)(kong)(kong)主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)。好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)布(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)應使(shi)工控(kong)(kong)(kong)主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)各部分線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)密(mi)度差(cha)別不(bu)(bu)大，并(bing)且要(yao)(yao)盡(jin)(jin)可(ke)能(neng)均(jun)勻分布(bu)否則很容易造(zao)成工控(kong)(kong)(kong)主(zhu)(zhu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)穩定。

　　二、做(zuo)工用料

　　1、PCB(印刷電路板(ban))的做工

　　質量有保(bao)證的(de)(de)PC板色彩基本保(bao)持一(yi)致，光(guang)潔度好(hao)(hao)，看起來油光(guang)發亮(liang)的(de)(de)一(yi)般(ban)質量就比較好(hao)(hao)。PCB板層數一(yi)般(ban)的(de)(de)標準是4、6層板，當然6層板質量要好(hao)(hao)很多。

　　2、SMT(表面貼(tie)裝)元器(qi)件的做工

　　主要通過觀察某些元器件貼裝(zhuang)精(jing)度來判定(ding)主板的(de)生產工藝(yi)是否(fou)精(jing)良，標準的(de)元器件貼裝(zhuang)定(ding)位準確(que)，沒有偏移。

　　3、工控主(zhu)板(ban)用(yong)料

　　名牌大(da)廠所生產的工控(kong)主板(ban)用料，像CPU插座、擴展槽(cao)和插槽(cao)等都(dou)采用名廠的插接界面元(yuan)器件(jian)，主板(ban)的性能也就不用多說了。